{"id":1633,"date":"2021-11-10T09:29:30","date_gmt":"2021-11-10T09:29:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/poliklinikapantovcak.com\/uncategorized-hr\/kaj-je-alopecija\/"},"modified":"2022-04-23T11:26:59","modified_gmt":"2022-04-23T11:26:59","slug":"kaj-je-alopecija","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/poliklinikapantovcak.com\/sl\/blog-sl\/kaj-je-alopecija\/","title":{"rendered":"Kaj je alopecija?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Alopecia areata<\/strong> je avtoimunsko stanje, pri katerem pride do nenadne in popolne izgube las na prizadetem obmo\u010dju zaradi napada protiteles na lastne lase. Postopek obi\u010dajno vklju\u010duje eno ali ve\u010d kro\u017enih obmo\u010dij s premerom od 1 do 5 centimetrov.<\/p>\n

Najpogosteje prizadene lasi\u0161\u010de, obrvi in trepalnice<\/strong>, lahko pa so prizadeta vsa podro\u010dja, kjer rastejo dlake. V nekaterih skrajnej\u0161ih primerih lahko pride do popolne izgube las \u2013 alopecia totalis ali celo alopecia universalis, pri kateri poleg popolne izgube las izginejo vse dlake po telesu.<\/p>\n

V\u010dasih je nenadna izguba pigmenta v laseh prvi znak raz\u0161irjene alopecije areate. Za alopecijo areato je zna\u010dilna prisotnost las v obliki klicaja (exclamation point hairs).<\/p>\n

Telogeno izpadanje<\/h2>\n

Telogeno izpadanje se najpogosteje opazi kot prekomerno izpadanje las po celotnem lasi\u0161\u010du. V ozadju telogenskega izpadanja je pove\u010dano \u0161tevilo foliklov v fazi izpadanja in telogena, ki nato v velikem \u0161tevilu upada. Proces izpadanja las v fazi izpadanja je normalen vsakodneven pojav, ko izpade do 100 las na dan.<\/p>\n

Vzrok telogenega izpadanja je fizi\u010dni ali \u010dustveni stres, ko oseba po 3-5 mesecih stresa opazi pove\u010dano izpadanje las. Ta stres povzro\u010di prezgodnji prehod iz faze rasti las (anagena) v fazo izpadanja las. Poleg stresa so \u0161e drugi pogosti vzroki: slabokrvnost (anemija), bolezni \u0161\u010ditnice, zvi\u0161ana telesna temperatura, kirur\u0161ki posegi, prehrana, zdravila in porod pri \u017eenskah. Telogeno izpadanje obi\u010dajno ne zahteva nobene terapije, prognoza pa je dobra, \u010de je vzrok ugotovljen.<\/p>\n

\u010ce se preneha u\u017eivati zdravila, ki so povzro\u010dila izpadanje las, se po nekaj mesecih prekomerno izpadanje las ustavi in pride do ponovne rasti las. Po nekaj mesecih se prekomerno izpadanje las ustavi in \u200b\u200bpride do ponovne rasti las.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vle\u010dna alopecija<\/h2>\n

Vle\u010dna alopecija je izpadanje las, ki je posledica prekomernega vle\u010denja ali zategovanja las. Najpogosteje je povezana s pretesnim zavezovanjem repa in uporabe podalj\u0161kov. V kratkoro\u010dnih primerih si lahko lasje opomorejo, sicer pa je lahko izguba las trajna. V takih primerih je lahko v veliko pomo\u010d presaditev las.<\/p>\n

Trihotilomanija<\/h2>\n

Trihotilomanija jekompulzivna motnja, ko si \u010dlovek nenadzorovano puli lase, obrvi ali trepalnice<\/strong>. Gre za psiholo\u0161ko motnjo. Tako puljenje las lahko za seboj pusti predele brez dlak. Pred morebitno presaditvijo je vsekakor treba opraviti psiholo\u0161ko terapijo. Strokovni pregled lasi\u0161\u010da in britje prizadetega obmo\u010dja lahko pomagata pri diagnosticiranju trihotilomanije.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

NA\u010cINI ZDRAVLJENJA ALOPECIJE<\/h2>\n

Terapevtske mo\u017enosti za androgeno alopecijo vklju\u010dujejo predvsem zdravili<\/a><\/span>, kot sta minoksidil in finasterid, ali pa presaditev las.<\/p>\n

Minoksidil<\/strong> je antihipertenzivno zdravilo, ki ob peroralnem jemanju poleg u\u010dinka na zni\u017eevanje krvnega tlaka povzro\u010da tudi pove\u010dano rast las (hipertrihozo). Razvita je bila formulacija zdravila v obliki 5-odstotne raztopine za mo\u0161ke, ki jo vtremo v lasi\u0161\u010de, da koncentriramo ugoden u\u010dinek minoksidila na folikle.
Minoksidil med drugim povzro\u010di podalj\u0161anje faze rasti las in pove\u010danje premera las ter s tem zanika negativne u\u010dinke androgenov na folikle. Najbolj\u0161i u\u010dinek je dose\u017een v primerih, ko pride do red\u010denja, ne pa do popolne izgube las.<\/p>\n

Zdravilo vtiramo v lasi\u0161\u010de 2-krat na dan, in sicer zjutraj in zve\u010der po 1 ml. Pri manj\u0161em \u0161tevilu bolnikov lahko pride do ponovne rasti las, medtem ko je pri 80 % bolnikov mogo\u010de upo\u010dasniti izpadanje las. Da bi videli napredek, je treba zdravilo uporabljati 6 mesecev. Ne\u017eeleni u\u010dinki so redki, najpogostej\u0161i so dra\u017eenje, suhost lasi\u0161\u010da in drgnjenje s prsti.<\/p>\n

Finasterid<\/strong> predstavlja drugo skupino zdravil, dokazanih pri zdravljenju androgene alopecije, in sicer tako, da deluje kot blokator reduktaze tipa 2 5\u03b1, encima, ki pretvarja testosteron v dihidrotestosteron. Dihidrotestosteron je derivat testosterona, ki je glavni vzrok za izpadanje las pri androgeni alopeciji. Uporablja se kot peroralna terapija v odmerku 1 mg na dan in ka\u017ee visoko u\u010dinkovitost. Do 90 % uporabnikov ohranja obstoje\u010de lase, 65 % pa opazi ponovno rast novih las. Da bi bil u\u010dinek opazen, je treba terapijo uporabljati vsaj 6 mesecev. Zmanj\u0161an libido se pri manj\u0161em \u0161tevilu bolnikov pojavi kot stranski u\u010dinek, ki izgine ob prekinitvi zdravljenja.<\/p>\n

Dutasterid<\/strong> je novej\u0161i predstavnik te skupine zdravil za androgeno alopecijo, ki blokira 5\u03b1 reduktazo tipa 1 in tipa 2 in velja za \u0161e varnej\u0161o ter u\u010dinkovitej\u0161o mo\u017enost kot finasterid.<\/p>\n

Na\u0161e osebje pozorno spremlja najnovej\u0161e raziskave na tem podro\u010dju, da bi strankam zagotovilo najnovej\u0161e podatke in mo\u017enosti pri zdravljenju androgene alopecije. Nekatera obetavna nova zdravila vklju\u010dujejo klaskoteron (antiandrogen) in oronazol (protiglivi\u010dno zdravilo).<\/p>\n

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Alopecia areata je avtoimunsko stanje, pri katerem pride do nenadne in popolne izgube las na prizadetem obmo\u010dju zaradi napada protiteles na lastne lase. Postopek obi\u010dajno vklju\u010duje eno ali ve\u010d kro\u017enih obmo\u010dij s premerom od 1 do 5 centimetrov. Najpogosteje prizadene lasi\u0161\u010de, obrvi in trepalnice, lahko pa so prizadeta vsa podro\u010dja, kjer rastejo dlake. V nekaterih […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":710,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-sl"],"yoast_head":"\nKaj je alopecija? - My Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/poliklinikapantovcak.com\/sl\/blog-sl\/kaj-je-alopecija\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kaj je alopecija? - My Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Alopecia areata je avtoimunsko stanje, pri katerem pride do nenadne in popolne izgube las na prizadetem obmo\u010dju zaradi napada protiteles na lastne lase. Postopek obi\u010dajno vklju\u010duje eno ali ve\u010d kro\u017enih obmo\u010dij s premerom od 1 do 5 centimetrov. Najpogosteje prizadene lasi\u0161\u010de, obrvi in trepalnice, lahko pa so prizadeta vsa podro\u010dja, kjer rastejo dlake. 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